ACSM Personal Trainer Certification Practice Exam

What type of joint movement is primarily demonstrated by the standing calf raise exercise?

1. Plantarflexion

2. Dorsiflexion

3. Elbow extension

4. Horizontal adduction

The correct answer is: Plantarflexion

The standing calf raise exercise primarily involves the action of plantarflexion, which is the movement that points the toes downward and increases the angle between the foot and the front of the lower leg. During this exercise, the calf muscles (gastrocnemius and soleus) contract to lift the heels off the ground while keeping the balls of the feet in contact with the surface. This action effectively extends the foot downward, which is the definition of plantarflexion. In this context, understanding the anatomy involved is critical. The muscles engaged in a standing calf raise are primarily responsible for this movement, making it a perfect example of how plantarflexion works in functional exercises that target the lower leg.